Solar energy 

 When sunlight hits a cell the solar cell turns energy into electric power. This happens because the tiny parts inside the cell react to sunlight. Each piece of the cell plays a role in building up the electric current. As the rays of sunlight strike the surface of the cell the electrons inside the solar cell begin to move. That movement of the electrons creates a flow of electricity that we can use later. The materials in the cell help guide this flow of electricity properly. The solar cell turns sunlight into electric power step by step.

1. Photons and Silicon:

The sunlight that hits the cell is made up of tiny packets of light called photons. These photons hit the surface of the panel, which is mostly made of silicon. When the photons hit the silicon they bump into the electrons inside the silicon. This makes the electrons move. The silicon is a kind of material that is not too good at conducting electricity but not too bad either.

2. Electron Excitation:

When the sunlight hits the silicon in the cell it stirs up the tiny particles inside the silicon. These particles get jolted out of their place and start to move around. The energy from the sunlight sets them free. They travel across the silicon. The movement of the electrons starts when the energy from the sunlight pushes them out of their place.

3. Electric Field Creation:

A solar cell has two layers and one of them is made of silicon. The silicon is treated with materials to make it have extra electrons and this side is called the n-type. The other layer of the cell is treated to have fewer electrons and this side is called the p-type. When the two layers meet the electrons line up. Create an invisible push across the gap between them. The electrons that are set free by the sunlight are guided along this path. Their movement adds up to create a flow of electricity.

4. Flow of Electricity:

When the electrons in the cell move together in one direction they create a steady flow of electricity called DC. This flow of the electricity is the energy that we can use to power gadgets or store, for use. The solar cell turns sunlight into a flow of electricity that we can use. This happens because of the way the electrons move inside the solar cell.